Abstract

Islanded DC microgrids are pivotal for ensuring autonomous, resilient, and efficient power systems in space habitats and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Recent research and development by NASA, Boeing, and the U.S. Air Force have focused on integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) systems with advanced energy storage solutions to support off-grid operations. This paper presents a comprehensive and uniquely conceptualized model that combines deep learning, artificial intelligence algorithms, and advanced optimization techniques for the control, stability, error detection, and power optimization of Islanded DC Microgrids used in space habitats and UAVs.

References

  1. Vaswani, N. Shazeer, N. Parmar, J. Uszkoreit, L. Jones, A. N. Gomez, L . Kaiser, and I. Polosukhin, “Attention is all you need,” in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2017. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762
  2. V. Mnih, K. Kavukcuoglu, D. Silver, A. Graves, I. Antonoglou, D. Wierstra, and M. Riedmiller, “Playing Atari with deep reinforcement learning,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.5602, 2013. [Online]. Available:
  3. https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.5602
  4. S. Hochreiter and J. Schmidhuber, “Long short-term memory,” Neural Computation, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 1735–1780, 1997. [Online]. Available: https://www.bioinf.jku.at/publications/older/2604.pdf
  5. T. N. Kipf and M. Welling, “Semi-supervised classification with graph convolutional networks,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.02907, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.02907
  6. Krizhevsky, I. Sutskever, and G. E. Hinton, “ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks,” in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2012. [Online]. Available:
  7. https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paperfiles/paper/2012/file/c399862d3b9d6b76c8436e924a68c45b− Paper.pdf
  8. E. Bompard, R. Napoli, and F. Xue, “Analysis of structural vulnerabilities in power transmission grids,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 316–323, 2013. [Online]. Available:
  9. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6346363
  10. NASA Glenn Research Center, “Power Management and Distribution for Space,” NASA, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.nasa.gov/glennresearch/power-management-and-distribution-pmad/
  11. Boeing Research and Technology, “Microgrid Technology for Autonomous Systems,” Boeing, 2022. [Online]. Available:
  12. https://www.boeing.com/features/2022/11/microgrid-research-11-22.page
  13. U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), “Next-Generation Energy Management Systems,” AFRL, 2022. [Online]. Available:
  14. https://www.afrl.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/2818767/afrladvances-smart-energy-grid-technologies-for-space-and-air-operations/
  15. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, “Artificial Intelligence in Spacecraft Power Systems,” NASA JPL, 2021. [Online]. Available:
  16. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-uses-ai-to-manage-spacecraft-power